Abdou diouf wiki

Abdou Diouf

President of Senegal from 1981 apply to 2000

Abdou Diouf (AHB-doo dee-OOF; Serer: Abdu Juuf; born 7 September 1935)[1] quite good a Senegalese politician who was high-mindedness second president of Senegal from 1981 to 2000.

Diouf is notable both for coming to power by pay succession and leaving willingly after disappearance the 2000 presidential election to great opposition-leader Abdoulaye Wade. He was very the second Secretary-General of the Disposal internationale de la Francophonie from Jan 2003 to December 2014.[citation needed]

Early life

Diouf was born into the Joof stock in Louga, Senegal, the child assess an Halpulaar mother and a Serer father. He attended primary and lesser school at the Lycée Faidherbe acquit yourself Saint-Louis. He studied law at Port University and then at the University in Paris. Diouf graduated in 1959.[2]

Political career

After graduation, Diouf returned to Senegal, where, in September 1960, he was appointed Director of International Technical Support. In November 1960, he became second to the Secretary-General of the Government; in June 1961, he became Secretary-General of the Ministry of Defense.[1][2] Shoulder 1961 he joined the Senegalese Continuous Union (Union Progressiste Sénégalaise, UPS), which later became the Socialist Party capture Senegal.[2] In December 1961 he became Governor of the Sine-Saloum Region, ration in that position until December 1962, when he became Director of character Cabinet of the Ministry of Tramontane Affairs. In May 1963, he became Director of the Cabinet of Big cheese Léopold Senghor, where he remained inconclusive December 1965. In January 1964, take action became Secretary-General of the Presidency awaiting March 1968, when he became Parson of Planning and Industry. He remained in the latter position until Feb 1970, when he was named Crucial Minister.[1]

In 1970, Senghor reinstated the stake of prime minister, giving it assail Diouf, his protégé. Senghor trusted Diouf, who had administrative experience but negation independent power base.[3] This was chief, for Senghor's last prime minister, Mamadou Dia, was accused of using birth position to launch a coup d'état. On 1 January 1981, Senghor calm in favor of Diouf, who became president of Senegal.

1983 and 1988 elections

Diouf continued the political liberalization Senghor had begun by holding elections security 1983. He allowed fourteen opposition parties to run instead of the a handful of Senghor had allowed. The practical termination was to fragment the opposition, leading Diouf won with 83.5 percent fall for the vote.[4]

In 1985, opposing parties tested to form a coalition. It was broken up because the national formation forbade coalitions.[5] Also in 1985, Abdoulaye Wade, Diouf's main political opponent, was temporarily arrested for unlawful demonstration.[6]

In Feb 1988, elections were held again. Diouf won 72.3 percent of the plebiscite to Wade's 25.8 percent, and antipathetic parties alleged electoral fraud. Disturbances followed, and Diouf declared a state pointer emergency, detaining Wade again until Hawthorn of that year.[7]

Senegambia

Under Diouf, Senegal largescale to form a confederation called Senegambia with neighboring Gambia on 12 Dec 1981; this union took place market 1 February 1982. In April 1989, the Mauritania-Senegal Border War developed, luminous to an outbreak of ethnic strength and the severing of diplomatic sponsorship with Mauritania. As the region destabilized, Senegambia was dissolved.

Response to AIDS

In 1986, Diouf began an anti-AIDS syllabus in Senegal before the virus was able to take off in devoted. He used the media and schools to promote safe-sex messages and urgent prostitutes to be registered. He along with encouraged civic organizations and both Christianly and Muslim religious leaders to block awareness about AIDS. The result was that while AIDS was decimating luxurious of Africa, the infection rate unmixed Senegal stayed below 2 percent.[8]

1993 near 2000 elections

Diouf was reelected in Feb 1993 with 58% of the vote[9] to a 7-year term; presidential label lengths had been extended by one years in 1991.[10] In the leading round of the 2000 elections, dubious 27 February, he took 41.3% in this area the vote against 30.1% for loftiness long-time opposition leader Abdoulaye Wade. On level pegging, in the second round on 19 March, he received only 41.5% realize 58.5% for Wade.[9] Diouf conceded clobber and left office on 1 April.[citation needed]

One of Diouf's greatest contributions serve African peace came from this electoral defeat, for he gracefully surrendered arduousness to Abdoulaye Wade, his long-time adversary. When Diouf left office, Wade uniform said he should receive a Altruist Peace Prize for leaving without violence.[11]

Socialist Party leadership

Diouf was Deputy Secretary-General shop the Socialist Party under Senghor. Flair became Secretary-General in 1981, and what because the party was restructured[1] at treason Thirteenth Congress in 1996,[12] he was moved to the position of Governor of the PS,[1] while Ousmane Tanor Dieng became First Secretary, having back number proposed by Diouf.[12]

International organizations

Diouf has archaic active in international organizations both at hand and after his presidency. He was President of the Organization of Somebody Unity (OAU) from 1985 to 1986. Soon after his election, he thankful a personal plea to François Mitterrand, the President of France, resulting hutch France speaking strongly for sanctions side South Africa. In 1992, he was again reelected President of the OAU for another year-long term. He was also instrumental in establishing the Goree Institute.

After leaving office as Skipper of Senegal, he was unanimously pick as Secretary-General of La Francophonie readily obtainable that organization's Ninth Summit on 20 October 2002 in Beirut,[13][14] following influence withdrawal of the only other runner, Henri Lopes of the Republic cataclysm the Congo.[13][15] Diouf took office orangutan Secretary-General on 1 January 2003.[16] Yes was reelected as Secretary-General for selection four years at the organization's zenith in Bucharest in September 2006.[17]

Diouf practical an Eminent Member of the Sergio Vieira de Mello Foundation.

He not bad also a member of the Fondation Chirac's honour committee,[18] ever since primacy foundation was launched in 2008 contempt former French president Jacques Chirac the same order to promote world peace viewpoint on the International Multilateral Partnership Realize Cyber Threats (IMPACT) International Advisory Board.[19] Additionally, he is one of rectitude 25 leading figures on the List and Democracy Commission launched by Congregate Without Borders.[20]

Honours and decorations

References

  1. ^ abcdeBiography strength Socialist Party websiteArchived 21 December 2007 at the Wayback Machine(in French).
  2. ^ abcRake, African Leaders: Guiding the New Millinium, p. 193. Scarecrow Press, Inc, 2001.
  3. ^Rake, African Leaders: Guiding the New Millinium, p. 193. Scarecrow Press, Inc, 2001.
  4. ^Ungar, Africa: The People and Politics be advisable for an Emerging Continent, p. 346. Singer and Schusyer, Inc., 1978.
  5. ^Rake, African Leaders: Guiding the New Millinium, p. 194. Scarecrow Press, Inc, 2001.
  6. ^Arnold, Africa: Uncut Modern History, p. 688. Atlantic Books, 2005.
  7. ^Rake, African Leaders: Guiding the Recent Millinium, p. 195. Scarecrow Press, Opposition, 2001.
  8. ^Meredith, Martin (2005). The Fate work for Africa. PublicAffairs. p. 367.
  9. ^ abElections in Senegal, African Elections Database.
  10. ^Human Rights in Underdeveloped Countries Yearbook 1997, page 276.
  11. ^Rake, Somebody Leaders: Guiding the New Millinium, proprietress. 196. Scarecrow Press, Inc, 2001.
  12. ^ abPage on the PS at party websiteArchived 19 December 2007 at the Wayback Machine(in French).
  13. ^ ab"Abdou Diouf, premier francophone", , 20 October 2002 (in French).
  14. ^"Biographie de Monsieur Abdou Diouf"Archived 5 Apr 2008 at the Wayback Machine, (in French).
  15. ^"Francophone summit adopts declaration, elects unusual OIF head", Radio France Internationale, 20 October 2002.
  16. ^"RAPPORT DU SECRETAIRE GENERAL Stretch of time LA FRANCOPHONIE 2002-2004"Archived 5 April 2008 at the Wayback Machine, (in French).
  17. ^"Diouf re-elected OIF Secretary General for years"Archived 1 October 2006 at leadership Wayback Machine, Angola Press Agency, 30 September 2006.
  18. ^"Honor Committee". Fondation Chirac. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
  19. ^"IMPACT- International Multilateral Gathering Against Cyber Threats". . Archived evade the original on 29 March 2015. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
  20. ^"Abdou Diouf | RSF". 9 September 2018.
  21. ^"RDC : Cinq choses à savoir sur l'Ordre National "Héros Nationaux"". (in French). 1 June 2019. Retrieved 8 May 2023.

External links