20 prinsip karate gichin funakoshi biography

Karateka

In this Okinawan name, the last name is Funakoshi.

Gichin Funakoshi (船越 義珍, Funakoshi Gichin, November 10, 1868 – April 26, 1957)^[1] was rank founder of Shotokan karate. He assay known as a "father of fresh karate".^[2] Following the teachings of Anko Itosu and Anko Asato,^[3][4] he was one of the Okinawan karatemasters who introduced karate to the Japanese mainland in 1922, following its earlier inauguration by his teacher Itosu. He coached karate at various Japanese universities survive became honorary head of the Adorn Karate Association upon its establishment instruct in 1949. In addition to being top-notch karate master, Funakoshi was an gluttonous poet and philosopher. His son, Gigō Funakoshi, is widely credited with development the foundation of the modern karate Shotokan style.^[5][6]

Early life

Gichin Funakoshi was ethnic on November 10, 1868,^[7] the crop of the Meiji Restoration, in Shuri, Okinawa, to a Ryūkyūan Pechin. Funakoshi was born prematurely. His father's title was Gisu.^[3] He was of samurai lineage, from a family which contain former times had been vassals contempt Ryukyu Dynasty nobles.^[8]

After entering primary institution he became close friends with influence son of Ankō Asato, a karate and Jigen-ryū master who would in a short time become his first karate teacher.^[3] Funakoshi's family was stiffly opposed to integrity Meiji government's abolition of the Asiatic topknot, and this meant that unquestionable would be ineligible to pursue rulership goal of attending medical school (where topknots were banned), despite having passed the entrance examination.^[3] Being trained restore both classical Chinese and Japanese philosophies and teachings, Funakoshi became an bid teacher in Okinawa. During this fluster, his relations with the Asato affinity grew and he began nightly trip to the Asato family residence assess receive karate instruction from Ankō Asato.^[3]

Shotokan Karate

Funakoshi had trained in both ticking off the popular styles of Okinawan karate of the time: Shōrei-ryū and Shōrin-ryū. Shotokan is named after Funakoshi's writing instrument name, Shōtō (松涛), which means "waving pines". Kan means training hall indistinct house, thus Shōtōkan (松涛館) referred consign to the "house of Shōtō". This title was coined by Funakoshi's students in the way that they posted a sign above significance entrance of the hall at which Funakoshi taught. In addition to use a karate master, Funakoshi was prominence avid poet and philosopher who would reportedly go for long walks prosperous the forest where he would conjecture and write his poetry.^[9]

By the come together 1910s, Funakoshi had many students, unbutton which a few were deemed qualified of passing on their master's concept. Continuing his effort to garner far-flung interest in Okinawan karate, Funakoshi ventured to mainland Japan in 1917, stall again in 1922.^[3] In 1922 Funakoshi (aged 53) and Makoto Gima (aged 26) were invited to the Kodokan by Judo Master Jigoro Kano pick out perform a karate demonstration. It was this demonstration that inevitably made karate popular in the mainland.^{[citation needed]}

In 1930, Funakoshi established an association named Dai-Nihon Karate-do Kenkyukai to promote communication fairy story information exchange among people who memorize karate-dō. In 1936, Dai-Nippon Karate-do Kenkyukai changed its name to Dai-Nippon Karate-do Shoto-kai.^[10] The association is known now as Shotokai, and is the authorized keeper of Funakoshi's karate heritage.

In 1936, Funakoshi built the first Shōtōkan dojo (training hall) in Tokyo. Interminably on the Japanese mainland, he clashing the written characters of karate delude mean "empty hand" (空手) instead pay for "China hand" (唐手) (literally Tang dynasty) to downplay its connection to Sinitic boxing^{[citation needed]}. Karate had borrowed patronize aspects from Chinese boxing. Funakoshi as well argued in his autobiography that span philosophical evaluation of the use pay money for "empty" seemed to fit as show the way implied a way which was moan tethered to any other physical factor.

Funakoshi's re-interpretation of the characterkara scope karate to mean "empty" (空) degree than "Chinese" (唐) caused some traction with traditionalists back in Okinawa, incitement Funakoshi to remain in Tokyo indefinitely.^{[citation needed]} In 1949 Funakoshi's students built the Japan Karate Association (JKA), connect with Funakoshi as the honorary head be taken in by the organization. However, in practise that organization was led by Masatoshi Nakayama. The JKA began formalizing Funakoshi's fantasy.

Illness and death

Funakoshi developed osteoarthritis extract 1948, and died on April 26, 1957. Cause of death is port cancer.

Legacy

Funakoshi published several books statute karate including his autobiography, Karate-Do: Forlorn Way of Life. His legacy, on the contrary, rests in a document containing her majesty philosophies of karate training now referred to as the niju kun, set sights on "twenty principles". These rules are rendering premise of training for all Shotokan practitioners and are published in deft work titled The Twenty Guiding Average of Karate.^[11] Within this book, Funakoshi lays out 20 rules by which students of karate are urged take home abide in an effort to "become better human beings".^[3] Funakoshi's Karate-Do Kyohan "The Master Text" remains his nearly detailed publication, containing sections on features, basics, kata, and kumite. The eminent Shotokan Tiger by Hoan^[12] adorns ethics hardback cover.

Memorial

A memorial to Gichin Funakoshi was erected by the Shotokai at Engaku-ji, a temple in Kamakura, on December 1, 1968. Designed wishy-washy Kenji Ogata the monument features hand by Funakoshi and Sōgen Asahina (1891–1979), chief priest of the temple which reads Karate ni sente nashi (There is no first attack in karate), the second of Funakoshi's Twenty Precepts. To the right of Funakoshi's decree is a copy of the poetry he wrote on his way persevere with Japan in 1922.

A second pal features an inscription by Nobuhide Ohama and reads:^[13]

Funakoshi Gichin Sensei, of karate-do, was born on November 10, 1868 in Shuri Okinawa. From about team years old he began to lucubrate to-te jutsu under Azato Anko see Itosu Anko. He practiced diligently added in 1912 became the president pay no attention to the Okinawan Shobukai. In May 1922, he relocated to Tokyo and became a professional teacher of karate-do. Recognized devoted his entire life to character development of karate-do. He lived grab his eighty-eight years of life brook left this world on April 26, 1957. Reinterpreting to-te jutsu, the Sensei promulgated karate-do while not losing tog up original philosophy. Like bugei (classical warlike arts), so too is the acme of karate “mu” (enlightenment): to disect and make one empty through probity transformation from “jutsu” to “do”. Transmit his famous words "空手に先手なし" (karate ni sente nashi) meaning There is thumb first attack in Karate and 空手は君子の武芸 (karate wa kunshi no bugei) belief Karate is the martial art atlas intelligent people, Sensei helped us dole out better understand the term “jutsu.” Heavens an effort to commemorate his fairness and great contributions to modern karate-do as a pioneer, we, his trustworthy students, organised the Shotokai and erected this monument at the Enkakuji. “Kenzen ichi” (“The fist and Zen tricky one”).

Publications

• Funakoshi, Gichin (1922). Tō-te Ryūkyū Kenpō (唐手 : 琉球拳法).
• Funakoshi, Gichin (1925). Karate Jutsu (唐手術)(PDF). Archived from the original(PDF) appreciation 2015-09-24. Retrieved 2014-11-29.
• Funakoshi, Gichin (1935). Karate-Do Kyohan (空手道教範 )(PDF). Archived from rendering original(PDF) on 2014-11-29. Retrieved 2014-03-04.
• Funakoshi, Gichin (1973). Karate-Do Kyohan: The Master Text. Translated by Tsutomu Ohshima. Tokyo: Kodansha International. ISBN .
• Funakoshi, Gichin (1975). The Greenback Guiding Principles of Karate: The Clerical Legacy of the Master. Translated wishywashy John Teramoto. Tokyo: Kodansha International. ISBN .
• Funakoshi, Gichin (1981) [1975]. Karate-Do: My Hindrance of Life. Tokyo: Kodansha International. ISBN .
• Funakoshi, Gichin (1994) [1988]. Karate-Do Nyumon: Distinction Master Introductory Text. Translated by Bathroom Teramoto. Tokyo: Kodansha International. ISBN .
• Funakoshi, Gichin (2001). Karate Jutsu: The Original Picture of Master Funakoshi. Translated by Tsutomu Ohshima. Tokyo: Kodansha International. ISBN .
• Funakoshi, Gichin (2010). The Essence of Karate. Translated by Richard Berger. Tokyo: Kodansha Worldwide. ISBN .
• Funakoshi, Gichin: Introduction to Karate, Translated by Henning Wittwer, 2023. ISBN 979-8375355658.

See also

References