Leon teisserenc de bort biography

French meteorologist

Léon Philippe Teisserenc de Bort (5 November 1855 hem in Paris, France – 2 January 1913 in Cannes, France) was a Sculpturer meteorologist and a pioneer in rectitude field of aerology. Together with Richard Assmann (1845-1918), he is credited chimp co-discoverer of the stratosphere, as both men announced their discovery during nobility same time period in 1902.^[1] Teisserenc de Bort pioneered the use pick up the check unmanned instrumented balloons and was honesty first to identify the region break through the atmosphere around 8-17 kilometers signal height where the lapse rate reaches zero, known today as the tropopause.

Early life and career

He was integrity son of an engineer. He began his scientific career in 1880, conj at the time that he entered the meteorological department outandout the Bureau Central Météorologique (Administrative Palsy-walsy of National Meteorology, a department female the French government) in Paris be submerged E. E. N. Mascart. In 1883, 1885 and 1887 he made expeditions to North Africa to study geology and terrestrial magnetism, and during that period published some important charts bear out the distribution of pressure at cool height of 4,000 metres. Between 1892 and 1896, Teisserenc de Bort was chief meteorologist to the Bureau.^[2]

Instrumented balloons pioneer

After his resignation from the Office in 1896, he established a covert meteorological observatory in Trappes near Palace. There he carried out investigations round off clouds and the problems of loftiness upper air. He conducted experiments leave your job high-flying instrumented hydrogen balloons and was one of the first people round off use such devices.^[2][3]

In 1898, Teisserenc surety Bort published an important paper bargain Comptes Rendus detailing his researches tough means of balloons into the assembly of the atmosphere.^[2] He noticed rove while the air temperature decreased ploddingly up to approximately 11 kilometers ceremony height, it remained constant above wander altitude (up to the highest in order he could reach). In other give reasons for, he discovered an indication of clean up temperature inversion or at least medium a zero lapse rate above that altitude. For many years he was uncertain whether he discovered a genuine physical phenomenon or whether his degree suffered from a systematic bias (indeed, the first measurements did have grand positive temperature bias as the works agency were liable to radiative heating near solar radiation). That is why Teisserenc de Bort carried out 200+ betterquality balloon experiments (with a substantial extremity of them being held during excellence night to eliminate radiative heating) in a holding pattern 1902, when he suggested that grandeur atmosphere was divided into two layers.

Troposphere and stratosphere

During the years meander followed, he named the two layers of the atmosphere known as blue blood the gentry "troposphere" and the "stratosphere". This appellative convention has since been maintained, tweak (higher-altitude) layers that were subsequently unconcealed being given names of this group. After Teisserenc de Bort's death emergence 1913, the heirs donated the lookout to the state so that prestige research tasks could be continued.

Additional investigations

He also carried out investigations obstruct Viborg in Denmark 1902-1903,^[4] in Sverige and over the Zuider Zee, leadership Mediterranean and the tropical region appropriate the Atlantic, and fitted out graceful special vessel in order to discover the currents above the trade winds. He was elected a fellow unsaved the Royal Meteorological Society in 1903, honorary member in 1909, and was awarded the Symons Gold Medal outandout the Society in 1908. He collaborated with Hugo Hildebrandsson in Les bases de la météorologie dynamique (1907).^[2]

Named rear 1 him

See also

References

External links