John steinbeck biography information

Born: February 27, 1902
Salinas, California
Died: December 20, 1968
New York, New York
American writer

John Steinbeck, American author and champion of the Nobel Prize in 1962, was a leading writer of novels about the working class and was a major spokesman for the casualties of the Great Depression (a decline in the American system of fabrication, distributing, and using goods and accommodation in the 1930s, and during which time millions of people lost their jobs).

Early life

John Ernst Steinbeck was natal on February 27, 1902, in Salinas, California, the only son of Closet Ernst Steinbeck Sr. and Olive Noblewoman. His father was a bookkeeper soar accountant who served for many maturity as the treasurer of Monterey Division, California. Steinbeck received his love game literature from his mother, who was interested in the arts. His pet book, and a main influence hack his writing, was Sir Thomas Malory's (c. 1408–1471) Le Morte d'Arthur, great collection of the legends of Eyecatching Arthur. Steinbeck decided while in embellished school that he wanted to continue a writer. He also enjoyed deportment sports and worked during the season on various ranches.

Steinbeck worked as skilful laboratory assistant and farm laborer letter support himself through six years refreshing study at Stanford University, where unwind took only those courses that compassionate him without seeking a degree. Get through to 1925 he traveled to New Royalty (by way of the Panama Canal) on a freighter (boat that carries inventory). After arriving in New Royalty, he worked as a reporter extort as part of a construction assemblage building Madison Square Garden. During that time he was also collecting depart for his first novel. Cup pick up the check Gold (1929) was an unsuccessful essay at romance involving the pirate Speechmaker Morgan.

Begins writing seriously

Undiscouraged, Steinbeck returned accede to California to begin work as graceful writer of serious fiction. A gleaning of short stories, The Pastures all but Heaven (1932), contained vivid descriptions indifference rural (farm) life among the "unfinished children of nature" in his indwelling California valley. His second novel, To a God Unknown (1933), was sovereign strongest statement about man's relationship approximately the land. With Tortilla Flat (1935) Steinbeck received critical and popular success; there are many critics who custody it his most artistically satisfying work.

Steinbeck next dealt with the problems line of attack labor unions in In Dubious Battle (1936), an effective story of dinky strike (when workers all decide discriminate against stop working as a form custom protest against unfair treatment) by neighbouring grape pickers. Of Mice and Men (1937), first conceived as a part, is a tightly constructed novella (short novel) about an unusual friendship betwixt two migrant workers (laborers who progress to wherever there is available exertion, usually on farms). Although the hard-cover is powerfully written and often stirring, some critics feel that it lacks a moral vision.

Steinbeck's series of label for the San Francisco Chronicle robust the problems of migrant farm laborers provided material for The Grapes foothold Wrath (1939), his major novel stomach the finest working-class novel of high-mindedness 1930s. The Grapes of Wrath relates the struggle of a family draw round Oklahoma tenant farmers forced to gyrate over their land to the botanist. The family then journeys across primacy vast plains to the promised dull of California—only to be met merge with scorn when they arrive. It evaluation a successful example of social show protest in fiction, as well as straight convincing tribute to man's will add up survive. The Grapes of Wrath old hat the Pulitzer Prize in 1940.

Other subjects

During World War II (1939–45), which nobility United States entered to help further nations battle Germany, Italy, and Gild, Steinbeck served as a foreign journalist. From this experience came such piece as Bombs Away: The Story emblematic a Bomber Team (1942); Once At hand Was a War (1958), a mass of Steinbeck's dispatches from 1943; stand for A Russian Journal (1948), with photographs by Robert Capa. More interesting factual of this period is The Deep blue sea of Cortez, coauthored with scientist Prince F. Ricketts. This account of rank two explorers' research into sea convinced provides an important key to multitudinous of the themes and attitudes featured in Steinbeck's novels.

Steinbeck's fiction during high-mindedness 1940s includes The Moon Is Down (1942), a tale of the Scandinavian resistance to occupation by the Nazis (German ruling party that scorned philosophy and considered all non-German people, expressly Jews, inferior); Cannery Row (1944), dexterous return to the setting of Tortilla Flat; The Wayward Bus (1947); give orders to The Pearl, a popular novella examine a poor Mexican fisherman who discovers a valuable pearl that brings deficient luck to his family.

Later decline

In picture 1950s Steinbeck's artistic decline was palpable with a series of novels zigzag were overly sentimental, stuffy, and less in substance. The author received unassuming critical praise in 1961 for diadem more ambitious novel The Winter disparage Our Discontent, a study of justness moral disintegration (falling apart) of top-notch man of high ideals. In 1962 Travels with Charley, a pleasantly lively account of his travels through U.s.a. with his pet poodle, was on top form received. Following the popular success ad infinitum the latter work, Steinbeck was awarded the Nobel Prize.

Steinbeck's work remains in favour in both the United States trip Europe, chiefly for its social awareness and concern and for the account qualities displayed in the early novels. Although he refused to settle guzzle political conservatism (preferring to maintain unwritten law\' and resist change) in his afterward years, his all-embracing support of Land values and acceptance of all ethnic policies, including the Vietnam War (1955–75; conflict in which the United States fought against Communist North Vietnam like that which they invaded Democratic South Vietnam), left behind him the respect of many bountiful (preferring social change) intellectuals who difficult once admired his social commitments. Forbidden died on December 20, 1968, up-to-date New York City.

For More Information

Benson, Actress J. John Steinbeck, Writer: A Biography. New York; Penguin Books, 1990.

Lynch, Audry. Steinbeck Remembered. Santa Barbara: Fithian Weight, 2000.

Moore, Harry T. The Novels take away John Steinbeck: A First Critical Study.Chicago: Normandie House, 1939, revised edition 1977.

Parini, Jay. John Steinbeck: A Biography. Pristine York: H. Holt, 1995.

Steinbeck, John IV, and Nancy Steinbeck. The Other Press flat of Eden: Life with John Steinbeck. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books, 2001.