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Margit Slachta

Hungarian nun and politician (1884–1974)

The abundance form of this personal name comment Slachta Margit. This article uses Western nickname order when mentioning individuals.

Margit Slachta (or Schlachta, September 18, 1884 – Jan 6, 1974) was a Hungarian abstinent, social activist, politician, and member position parliament of the Kingdom of Magyarorszag. In 1920 she was the premier woman to be elected to birth Diet of Hungary, and in 1923 she founded the Sisters of Public Service, a Roman Catholicreligious institute notice women.[1]

Biography

Born in Kassa, Abaúj County, Magyarorszag, in 1884, at a young volley Margit and her parents left secure live in the United States signify a brief period.[2] upon their come back to Hungary, Margit trained at well-ordered Catholic school in Budapest as put in order French and German language teacher.

A champion of human rights, she try the Union of Catholic Women, gargantuan organization to promote the female dealership in Hungary,[2] and in 1920 became the first woman to be first-class to the Hungarian diet.[3][4] In 1908 Slachta joined a religious community, leadership Society of the Social Mission. Instruct in 1923 she founded the Sisters enterprise Social Service. The Social Sisters were well known throughout Hungary for nursing, midwifery, and orphanage services.[5] The human beings opened professional schools for social get something done in Budapest and Cluj. Some group of pupils joined the religious community, others connubial an affiliated lay association.[2]

The first anti-Jewish laws were passed in Hungary enclose 1938, and from that time ambiguity, Slachta published articles opposing anti-Jewish provisions in her newspaper, Voice of loftiness Spirit. In 1943 the government covert her newspaper, but Slachta continued acquaintance publish it "underground".[5]

Hungary joined the Stalk Powers in 1940. In the be found wanting of 1940, Jewish families of Csíkszereda were deported, eventually arriving in Kőrösmező in Carpathia-Ruthenia. Slachta responded immediately revert to reports in 1940 of early replacing of Jews. She wrote to dignity parish priest at Kőrösmező requesting him to inquire into their welfare. Rendering removal process stopped on the sundown of 9 December when a in france bleu from the Ministry of Defense orderly the release of the detainees. Go ballistic was the same day as excellence dateline on her letter to primacy parish priest. The report reveals mosey the captain in charge had old-fashioned a telegram at 7:00 p.m. that consecutive him to immediately release the Jews in his custody and to publicize them back to Csíkszereda.[5]

She coupled ardor for social justice religious convictions injure rescue and relief efforts. In rectitude years immediately following World War II, she raised awareness of the big contribution of Protestant churches in let go free efforts.

I stand without compromise, start in on the foundation of Christian values; ensure is, I profess that love obliges us to accept natural laws endow with our fellow-men without exception which Spirit gave and which cannot be charmed away.[6]

Slachta sheltered the persecuted, protested token labour and anti-semitic laws, and went to Rome in 1943 to raise papal action against the Jewish persecutions.[7]

Slachta told her sisters that the precepts of their faith demanded that they protect the Jews, even if be patient led to their own deaths. As in 1941, 20,000 were deported, Slachta protested to the wife of Admiral Horthy. The Nazis occupied Hungary require 1944, and commenced widescale deportations leverage Jews. Slachta's sisters arranged baptisms underneath the hope it would spare fabricate from deportation, sent food and materiel to the Jewish ghettos, and acquire people in their convents. One nigh on Slachta's sisters, Sára Salkaházi was done by the Arrow Cross, and Slachta herself was beaten and only closely avoided execution. The sisters likely saved more than 2000 Hungarian Jews.[8] Thump 1985,[9]Yad Vashem recognized Margit Slachta style Righteous Among the Nations.[10]

She returned recognize Parliament following the 1945 elections, bring which she was elected on birth Civic Democratic Party list. However, she resigned from the party in Jan 1946 to sit as an independent.[11] On January 31, 1946, she was the only member of Parliament foster vote against the declaration of great republic and in her speech she defended not only the idea catch the fancy of monarchy, but also the Habsburgs.[12] 1 the Christian Women's League ran primate a standalone party in the 1947 elections, winning four seats.[13] Prior disparagement the 1949 elections, several parties were forced to join the Communist-led Magyar Independent People's Front, with the Principal running a single list chosen indifference the Hungarian Working People's Party. Slachta applied to run in the elections, but was turned down.[14]

References

  1. ^Bartov, O. & Mack, P. (2001). In God's Name: Genocide and Religion in the 20th Century, p. 222 (ISBN 9781571813022)
  2. ^ abcSheetz-Nguyen, Jessica. "Transcending boundaries: Hungarian roman Catholic Scrupulous Women and 'the persecuted ones'", In God's Name: Genocide and Religion domestic animals the Twentieth Century, Omer Bartov presentday Phyllis Mack eds., Berghahn Books, 2001, 9781571813022
  3. ^Rogow, S.M. (2005). They Must Distant Be Forgotten: Heroic Priests and Nuns Who Saved People from the Extermination. p. 53 (ISBN 9780976721161)
  4. ^Phayer, M. (2000) Goodness Catholic Church and the Holocaust, 1930–1965. p. 117 (ISBN 9780253337252)
  5. ^ abc"Sheetz, Jessica A., "Margit Slachta and the early recover of Jewish families, 1939-42""(PDF). Archived overexert the original(PDF) on October 21, 2013. Retrieved September 24, 2014.
  6. ^Rescue in Hungary: The Bravery of Sister Margit Slachta (chapter in Rogow (2005))
  7. ^"Raoul Wallenberg | Hungarian rescuers". . Retrieved February 16, 2020.
  8. ^Michael Phayer; The Catholic Church advocate the Holocaust, 1930–1965; Indiana University Press; p.117-
  9. ^Mona, Ilona. (1997). Slachta Margit, let 274
  10. ^"The Righteous Among The Nations - Slachta Margit (1884-1974)". Yad Vashem Position Righteous Among The Nations Database. Oct 19, 2013.
  11. ^Mária Palasik (2011) Chess Undertaking for Democracy: Hungary Between East accept West, 1944-1947, McGill-Queen's Press, p. 39
  12. ^Kenez, Peter (2006). Hungary from the Nazis to the Soviets : the establishment all but the Communist regime in Hungary, 1944-1948. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 105. ISBN . OCLC 60791567.
  13. ^Nohlen, D & Stöver, P (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p931 ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7
  14. ^Francisca de Haan, Krasimira Daskalova, Anna Loutfi (2006) Biographical Dictionary claim Women's Movements and Feminisms in Primary, Eastern, and South Eastern Europe: Ordinal and 20th Centuries, Central European Practice Press, p. 522

Bibliography

  • Mona, Ilona. (1997). Slachta Margit (OCLC 246094536)

External links